Despite the push for gender equality, men still dominate Bhutan’s workforce. The Industry Census 2024 reveals that 56 per cent of the total workforce is male, while women make up just 44 per cent. This gender disparity is hindering productivity and economic growth according to the report.
According to the report, only 38 per cent of government employees are women, with men predominantly occupying the leadership and higher-paying positions.
In the private sector, female participation stands at 48 per cent. The report mentions that women remain underrepresented in fields such as technology, construction, and engineering.
In rural areas, women make up 72 per cent of the workforce in agriculture. However, their work is often informal and undervalued with little economic impact.
The report highlights that persistent cultural norms, limited access to vocational training in male-dominated fields, and a lack of women in leadership roles deter women’s participation.
Cultural expectations around caregiving roles continue to influence women’s career choices, limiting their opportunities.
The report suggests that industries with higher female representation tend to perform better. However, the report warns that without broader systemic change, Bhutan risks under-utilising its human capital.
According to the report, the government is addressing the gender gap through initiatives such as the National Employment Policy 2013, aimed at improving female participation in fields like technology and engineering.
It says that some private companies are setting equal hiring targets and promoting flexible work policies.
While progress has been made, the Industry Census shows that there is still much work to be done to remove the barrier and ensure women have equal opportunities in the economy.
Jamyang Loday
Edited by Sangay Chezom
