As farmers across the country struggle with unpredictable weather, growing wildlife conflicts, and unsustainable farming practices, experts say agroecology could be a way forward if fully integrated into national policies. Agroecology is sustainable farming that works with nature, allowing farmers to find solutions through organic farming, crop diversification, local seed use, soil regeneration and water conservation. These ideas were highlighted at the recent regional conference on promoting agroecology in South Asia.
Experts said that many farming communities don’t yet understand how agroecology can help them grow food sustainably while protecting the environment in the long run.
“Agro ecology promotes growing a variety of crops and vegetables instead of relying on just one. This way, if one crop fails, farmers can still depend on others for income and livelihood, helping improve food security and income stability,” said Kesang Tshomo, Advisor, Department of Agriculture, MoAL.
While agroecology is gaining attention, it has yet to take root in Bhutan’s national agricultural policies.
Stakeholders said there is still a lack of awareness about agroecology among both policymakers and farmers.
“Some people still debate that natural farming leads to lower yields, so they believe chemical or conventional methods are necessary for food security. However, I believe agroecology is important because it’s a natural approach and also reduces health risks linked to chemical farming,” said Rakesh Katal, Country Director, Welthungerhilfe.
“We are using large amounts of fertilisers and pesticides that harm the environment. That’s why we need to balance high crop production with protecting the ecosystem,” said Md Harunur Rashid (PhD), Director, SAARC Agriculture Centre.
The Department of Agriculture said stronger support is needed to promote agroecology. The department also stressed the importance of linking agroecology with climate goals, nutrition, and livelihoods, and called for more collaboration and knowledge sharing among SAARC countries.
Meanwhile, officials from IFOAM-Organics International, a worldwide organisation advocating for organics, said strategic plans are underway to scale up agroecology in Bhutan, including a roadmap.
“Our goal is to look into a whole food system approach and reform the governance structure. To achieve this, the Bhutan Agroecology Roadmap aims to set up an inter-ministerial body made up of different ministries to coordinate and include agroecology in existing policies and plans, helping to transform the country’s food system. This will help guide future actions more effectively,” said Madhur Gandhi, Project Coordinator, IFOAM-Organics International.
The Department of Agriculture believes that addressing the current policy gaps and raising awareness about agroecology can help the country move closer to achieving its long-term vision of sustainable agriculture.
Sangay Chozom
Edited by Sonam Pem
